Semiconductors and Digital Logic
 
 

ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

                Current Flow + Conductor = Magnetic Field

                   To strengthen the magnetic field:

                        - use a higher voltage to produce higher current flow
                        - wrap the conductor into a coil
                        - place a laminated iron core in the coil

                Magnetic Field + Conductor + Motion = Current Flow

                   To increase the current flow:

                        - use a stronger magnetic field
                        - use a larger conductor (coil)
                        - move the magnetic field (or coil) faster

                Solenoids and Relays

                       Solenoid - is a coil of wire surrounding a moveable iron core. It is used to produce mechanical
                                movement (eg. Power door locks).



                        Relay - is a coil of wire surrounding a fixed iron core. It is used so that a small current flow can control a larger current flow (eg. Horn relay).



SEMICONDUCTORS

                Diodes
 


                Transistors



DIGITAL VS ANALOG

                Binary number system


26
25
24
23
22
21
20
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0 
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0

 
 

DIGITAL LOGIC GATES

                AND

                OR



 



                NAND



                NOR


COMPUTER SYSTEM
 

INPUTS ---> PROCESSING ---> OUTPUTS

Keyboard ---> CPU ---> monitor/printer
(Gates)


INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

Integrated Circuits are circuits which contain many transistors, resistors, diodes, Zener diodes and other electronic devices produced by etching them onto a thin layer of semiconductor material. There are no individual components. These are often used in computer controllers, ignition systems, and alternator regulators.